|
Abstract: Selective seed consumption by harvester ants may
affect seed abundance and composition and, ultimately, plant communities.
We evaluated the influence of seed size on preferences and diet
of Pogonomyrmex mendozanus, P. rastratus, and P. inermis
in the central Monte Desert, Argentina. In choice experiments with Pappophorum
spp. seeds of different sizes, P. mendozanus and P. rastratus
preferred large seeds, maximizing energy reward. P. inermis
showed a less-marked preference for large seeds, which was probably
due to morphological constraints imposed by its small body size.
Under natural conditions, none of the three species selected larger
Pappophorum spp. seeds probably because of high travel and
handling costs. Seeds of intermediate size predominated in the diet
of the three species but a slight size match was detected as P.
mendozanus carried larger seeds than P. rastratus and
this than P. inermis, matching body-size differences. Thus,
ants probably maximize energy reward but face morphological restrictions
and higher costs when carrying and holding large seeds. While seeds of intermediate size are the most vulnerable
ones to ant predation, small seeds are favored, as they are abundant
in the soil seed bank and lowly predated.
|