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Abstract: Granivorous animals, through seed consumption,
may have an important infl uence on plant abundance, distribution
and species composition in desert ecosystems. The aims of this study
are twofold: to quantify the diet of Pogonomyrmex rastratus
(Mayr) and Pogonomyrmex pronotalis (Santschi), and to estimate
seed removal per colony of both species throughout their activity
season (October-April) in the central Monte desert, Argentina. Both
species rely heavily upon seeds, which account for 87–94 %
of the items carried to the nests. Their diets are similar, consisting
mainly of grass seeds, which represent more than 93 % of the seeds.
Among them, three species predominate: Aristida spp., Trichloris
crinita and Pappophorum spp. Seasonal variations as well
as seed species richness in the diet are also similar between species.
However, their food-handling behaviour differs: most caryopses carried
by P. pronotalis bear bracts whereas most caryopses carried
by P. rastratus lack them. Seed removal per colony by P.
rastratus (6 × 104 seeds/colony) and by P. pronotalis
(5 × 104 seeds/colony) throughout the season is similar to
the one reported for P. occidentalis in North America. However,
seed removal per hectare, which could be estimated for P. rastratus
(8.3 × 105 seeds/ha), is lower than removal rates reported
for the North American species P. barbatus, P. desertorum, P.
rugosus and P. californicus, probably because P. rastratus
has lower activity levels and smaller colonies than the North American
studied species.
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